List of Major Crops and required Geo-climatic condition across the world
List of Major Crops and required Geo-climatic condition across the world
1. Rice
Temperature: 15°-27° C
Rainfall: 100- 150 cm
Soil: Heavy-clayey to-clayey-loam
Producers: China, India, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Thailand, Japan, Myanmar, Vietnam, Malaysia, Pakistan, Sri Lanka
Leading exporter in the world: Thailand
2. Wheat
Temperature: 12°-25°C
Rainfall: 25-75 cm
Soil: well-drained-light clay to heavy clay
Producers: China, India, USA, Russia, Australia, Canada, Pakistan, France, and Turkey.
Leading exporter in the world: USA
3. Maize
Temperature: 15°-27°C
Rainfall: 65-125 cm
Soil: Deep-heavy clay to light sandy loam
Producers: USA, China, Brazil, Mexico, Russia, Romania, India, and South Africa.
Leading exporter in the world: USA
4. Millets
Temperature: 20°-35°C
Rainfall: 25-75 cm
Soil: Sandy-loam to clayey loam
Producers: China, USA, India, Nigeria, Ukraine, Thailand, Russia, and Turkey.
Leading exporter in the world: USA
5. Bajra (Pearl Millet)
Temperature: 25°-35°C
Rainfall: 25-60 cm
Soil: Sandy loam to loam
Producers: In India: Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Andhra Pradesh.
6. Pulses (Kharif)
Temperature: 20° -27°C
Rainfall: 25-60 cm
Soil: Sandy-loam Producers: In India: Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab, Haryana, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal
7. Lentil (Rabi)
Temperature: 15° to 25°C
Rainfall: 25 to 50 cm
Soil: Loamy to clayey loam
Producers: Mediterranean countries of Europe, Egypt, Greece, Turkey, China, India: (Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and West Bengal
8. Oilseeds
Temperature: 15°-30°C
Rainfall: 30-50 cm
Soil: loam to clayey loam
Producers: In India: Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Bihar, West Bengal, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Uttarakhand.
9. Groundnut
Temperature: 20°-30°C
Rainfall: 50-75 cm
Soil: well-drained-sandy loams, red and black cotton
Producers: India, China, USA, Sudan, Senegal, Indonesia, Argentina, Myanmar.
Leading exporter in the world: USA
10. Sugarcane
Temperature: 20°-35°C
Rainfall: 85-165 cm
Soil: Well-drained alluvium, black, red and brown regur soil
Producers: Brazil, India, China, Pakistan, Thailand, Mexico, Cuba, Colombia.
Leading exporter: Brazil
11. Sugar beet
Temperature: 10°-25°C
Rainfall: 25-50 cm
Soil: Well-drained-loamy soil Producers: France, USA, Germany, Russia, China, Ukraine, Poland, Turkey, Leading exporter in the world: France
12. Cotton
Temperature: 18°-27°C
Rainfall: 60-110 cm
Soil: well-drained loam, and regur (black-earth)
Producers: China, USA, India, Brazil, Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Egypt, Turkey.
Leading exporter in the world: USA
13. Tea
Temperature: 15° -35°C
Rainfall: 100-250 cm
Soil: well-drained, light loamy Soil Producers: India, China, Sri-Lanka, Kenya, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Turkey.
Leading exporter in the world: India.
14. Coffee
Temperature: 15°-28°C
Rainfall: 125-225 cm
Soil: well-drained alluvial Soil Producers: Brazil, Colombia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Ivory-Coast, Mexico, Ghana, Cameroon, India.
Leading exporter in the world: Brazil
15. Cocoa
Temperature: 18°-35°C
Rainfall: 100-250 cm
Soil: well-drained alluvium
Producers: Ivory-Coast, Ghana, Indonesia, Brazil, Cameroon, Nigeria, Ecuador, Costa-Rica.
Leading exporter in the world: Ivory-Coast
16. Rubber
Temperature: 27°C
Rainfall: 150-250 cm
Soil: rich-well-drained alluvial Soil
Producers: Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, India, China, Sri-Lanka, Liberia, Brazil.
Leading exporter in the world: Thailand.
17. Jute
Temperature: 25°-35°C
Rainfall: about 150-250 cm
Soil: Well drained alluvial Soil
Producers: Bangladesh, India, China, Thailand, Myanmar, Brazil and Nepal.
Leading exporter: Bangladesh
18. Flax
Temperature: 10°-20°C
Rainfall: 15-20 cm
Soil: Rich loam or clayey loam
Producers: In India: Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and the Jammu Division of J & K
19. Coconut
Temperature: 27°C
Rainfall: 100-250 cm, up-to 600 m above the sea level
Soil: lateritic red, sandy alluvial sandy
Producers: In India: Kerala (55%), Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Goa, Gujarat and Maharashtra.
20. Oil-palm
Temperature: 27°-33°C (maximum), 22°-24°C (minimum)
Rainfall: 250-400 cm well distributed in the year
Soil: Deep-loamy and alluvial soil
Producers: India: Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Assam, Gujarat, Goa, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Tripura and West Bengal
21. Clove
Temperature: 25°-35°C
Rainfall: 200- 250 cm
Soil: Red alluvial Soil
Producers: In India: Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andaman and Nicobar
22. Black Pepper
Temperature: 15°C to 40°C
Rainfall: 200-300'cm. Height up-to 1500 m above sea level
Soil: rich in hums, red-loam to sandy loam, and red lateritic sandy loam
Producers: In India: Kerala, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Pondicherry
23. Cardamom
Temperature: 10°-35°C
Rainfall: 150-400 cm, height 600-1500 m
Soil: well-drained lateritic
Producers: In India: Kerala (60%), Karnataka (30%), and Tamil Nadu (10 %).
24. Turmeric
Temperature: 20°-30°C
Rainfall: 150-250 cm
Soil: well-drained clayey loam or red loamy soil
Producers: In India: Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, and West Bengal.
The climatic zones can be grouped into the following types: Tropical; Monsoon; Dry; Warm; Cool; Cold. In the above list of Major Crops and required Geo-climatic condition across the world gives a quick recap of the major crops which are grown in different climatic conditions.
The climatic zones can be grouped into the following types: Tropical; Monsoon; Dry; Warm; Cool; Cold. In the above list of Major Crops and required Geo-climatic condition across the world gives a quick recap of the major crops which are grown in different climatic conditions.
0 Comments